Establish the hierarchy
of criteria you will use to grade student work
By now, you've probably
already heard many versions of the question "What exactly
are you looking for in this paper?" While we realize
we have been teaching all along what we have been "looking
for," part of this question stems from students usually being
excluded in the process of evaluating the work they've done for
a piece of writing. The goal here is to give students a
voice in establishing the hierarchy of criteria against which
their work will be evaluated and also to open our eyes to what
we've taught to be sure we grade fairly and accordingly.
You might begin the
discussion as follows:
Ask students to contribute
to a list (on one side of the board) of all the concepts we've
worked with so far. This list should include claims, reasons,
evidence, focus, development, organization, style, audience, all
the goals of summary and the purposes associated with summary
and response.
Once you have compiled
all the concepts on the board, ask students which one(s), based
on what their experience in class so far, is/are most important.
On the other half of the board begin creating a hierarchy of the
components.
Once you've made the
hierarchy, feel free to make some switches based on what you,
as the teacher, know you've spent a lot of time on or that you
know are most important to the course goals--i.e. students may
make a case for "creativity" to be first on the hierarchy,
when you know it needs to be purpose or audience (you might be
surprised, though, students are usually pretty good at this).
Tell students that this
what they need to keep in mind as they complete their final drafts--doing
these things effectively is, in a way, "what you're looking
for." But then also tell them that doing each of these
things satisfactorily is a 'C' paper (all the
pieces are satisfactorily there). Ask them what they think
will make a 'B' paper then. An 'A' paper?
'A' and 'B' papers are
papers that excel in the criteria categories and demonstrate a
very effective style (or voice of the writer) and are free from
grammatical and mechanical errors that disrupt communication (see
the Grading Guide in the Appendix more details).
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