Citing Sources within Your Paper (Using In-Text Numbering)

CSE - Council of Science Editors (Citation/Sequence System)

Citing Sources within Your Paper

Examples of CSE In-Text Numbering Rules

Citing Sources at the End of Your Paper

CSE References Formatting Rules

CSE Bibliography Formatting Rules

Examples of Reference Formatting Rules

Additional Resources

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Citing Sources within Your Paper (Using In-Text Numbering)

The CSE - Citation/Sequence in-text citation system is simple: It relies on numbers. Unlike the Name/Year system, no parenthetical information is required. All that's needed is a superscripted number: a raised numeral located at the end of a clause or sentence identifying the content as outside source material.

The superscripted number flags the reader's attention to a correspondingly numbered entry on a References list located at the end of a book or document.