Commentary

Introduction

Reliability

Example of Reliability

Equivalency Reliability

Stability Reliability

Internal Consistency

Interrater Reliability

Validity

Example Validity

Face Validity

Criterion Related Validity

Construct Validity

Content Validity

Commentary

Difficulties of Achieving Reliability

Comments on a Flawed, Yet Influential Study

Key Terms

Annotated Bibliography

Commentary

The challenges of achieving reliability and validity are among the most difficult faced by researchers. In this section, we offer commentaries on these challenges.

Difficulties of Achieving Reliability
Comments on a Flawed, Yet Influential Study

Writing Guides

Reliability & Validity

Commentary