Outlining Method

Introduction

Definition of Abstract

Purposes for Abstracts

Types of Abstracts

Bibliographic Citation or Identification

Processes for Writing Abstracts

Cut and Paste Method

Guidelines for Using the Cut and Paste Methods

Outlining Method

Backwards Outline

Detailed Backwards Outline

Key Issues in Preparing Abstracts

Abstracts in Specific Disciplines

Additional Resources

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Authors & Contributors

Writing@CSU Home Page | Writing Guides | Abstracts

Outlining Method

Back to Processes for Writing Abstracts

Frequently, the best place to start writing an abstract is to first make an outline of the paper to serve as a rough draft of your abstract. The most efficient way to do this is to write what Kenneth Bruffee calls a descriptive or "backwards" outline.

Backwards Outline Instructions
Detailed Backwards Outline